2024 WAEC HEALTH SCIENCE PRACTICAL ANSWERS

4 minutes read.

(1a)
(PICK ANY TWO)
(i) Air pollution
(ii) Water pollution
(iii) Noise pollution

(1b)
(i) The eye
(ii) The nose
(iii) The ear
(iv) The skin

(1c)
(PICK ANY ONE)
(i) Government should implement and enforce stricter regulations
(ii) Government should promote cleaner production technologies
(iii) Government should encourage sustainable practices
(iv) Governemnt should support renewable energy sources
(v) industrial pollution and involving them in decision-making processes can lead to more effective solutions.
(vi) Governments should provide assistance to communities affected by industrial pollution.

(1d)
(PICK ANY THREE)
(i) Water pollution can cause waterborne diseases, gastrointestinal disorders, and long-term health issues.
(ii) Prolonged exposure to excessive noise can lead to hearing loss, stress, sleep disturbances, and cardiovascular problems.
(iii) Living in close proximity to industrial sites can cause chronic stress, anxiety, and mental health issues due to the noise pollution.
(iv) Prolonged exposure to toxic chemicals and gases can lead to respiratory problems, aggravate existing conditions like asthma, and increase the risk of lung cancer.

(2a)
(i) Pills
(ii) Calendar rhythm method
(iii) Condom
(iv) Intrauterine device

(2b)
(iii) Vaginal
(iv) Uterus

(2c)
=Condom=
(i) Condoms do not physically alter the fertility of the person using them.
(ii) It is easy to use.

=Intrauterine device=
(i) It protects against pregnancy for 5 or 10 years, depending on the type.
(ii) It does not interrupt sex.

(2d)
(i) vasectomy
(ii) tubal ligation.

(3a)
Kwashiokor

(3b)
(PICK ANY THREE)
(i) Stunted growth
(ii) Severe weight loss
(iii) Loss of appetite
(iv) Fatigue and weakness
(v) Edema
(vi) Loss of muscle mass

(3ci)
(PICK ANY ONE)
-Inadequate protein intake
-Infections and diseases
-Lack of proper breastfeeding

(3cii)
(PICK ANY ONE)
-Inadequate protein intake:
(i) Consuming a diet that is primarily based on starchy staples without enough protein-rich foods like meat, fish, eggs can lead to protein deficiency.
(ii) A diet that is low in protein, especially for an extended period of time, can lead to kwashiorkor

-Infections and diseases:
(i) Certain infections and diseases can impair the body’s ability to absorb and utilize proteins effectively.
(ii) Conditions such as gastrointestinal infections, parasitic infestations, chronic diarrhea, and other diseases that cause malabsorption can increase the risk of developing kwashiorkor.

-Lack of breastfeeding:
(i) The absence of breastfeeding can contribute to defieciency in protein and other vital nutrients which leads kwashiokor
(ii) When infants are weaned too early, they are more susceptible to kwashiokor

(3d)
(PICK ANY THREE)
(i) Legumes
(ii) Eggs
(iii) Milk
(iv) Potatoes
(v) Oats
(vi) Spinach
(vii) Tomatoes

4a) The postural defects illustrated in the diagrams are:
A: Lordosis
B: Kyphosis
C: Scoliosis
D: Forward head posture

(4b) Three causes of the illustrated postural defects include:
(i) Poor posture habits, such as slouching or hunching over for extended periods.
(ii)Weakness or imbalances in the muscles responsible for maintaining proper posture.
(iii)Structural abnormalities or injuries to the spine or surrounding muscles

5a)
(i)Cancer
(ii)Heart Disease
(iii)Lung Disease
(iv)Stroke

(5b)
(i)Stress Reflief
(ii)Pleasure
(iii)Social Situations
(5c)
(i) Secondhand smoke exposure: Non-smokers who are exposed to secondhand smoke can develop various health problems, such as lung cancer, heart disease, and stroke.

(ii) Economic costs: Smoking can cause a significant economic burden on society. It can lead to increased healthcare costs, decreased work productivity, and premature death, which can have devastating effects on families.

(iii) Environmental pollution: Smoking contributes to environmental pollution by releasing toxic chemicals into the air, soil, and water. This pollution can affect wildlife, vegetation, and even entire ecosystems.

(5d)
(PICK ANY FOUR)
(i) The heart
(ii) The lungs
(iii) The liver
(iv) The kidney
(v) The skin

(5e)
(PICK ANY FOUR)
(i) Nicotine
(ii) Ammonia
(iii) Tar
(iv) Carbon monoxide
(v) Formaldehyde

(5f)
(PICK ANY TWO)
(i) Educate them about the dangers of smoking
(ii) Limit exposure to smoking
(iii) Encouraging children to engage in healthy activities, such as sports and exercise
(iv) Monitoring their behavior

(6a)
(i) Structural design flaw
(ii) poor construction practice
(iii) Aging and lack of maintenance
(iv) Natural disasters

(6b)
(i) Adequate building design and construction
(ii) Regular maintenance and inspection
(iii) Building code enforcement
(iv) proper design and construction
(v) Regular inspection

(6c)
(i) Safety
(ii) Adequate space
(iii) Good ventilation
(iv) Adequate privacy

(6d)
(i) psychological trauma
(ii) Displacement
(iii) Physical safety
(iv) Economic impact

(6ei)
(i) Air pollution
(iii) Water pollution

(6eii)
(i) Water pollution
(ii) Air pollution

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